Horse meat

Overview

Production

Country Production

Process

What is Horse meat?

Horse meat refers to the flesh of horses that are consumed as food in various cultures around the world. While horses are primarily known for their roles in transportation, sports, and companionship, they have also been historically raised and slaughtered for their meat. The consumption of horse meat has a long history, dating back centuries and spanning different regions. It has been a part of traditional diets in countries such as France, Italy, Japan, and certain parts of Central Asia.

Horse meat is distinct in taste and texture compared to other commonly consumed meats like beef, pork, or poultry. It is generally leaner and has a slightly sweeter flavor. The color of horse meat can range from dark red to a lighter shade, depending on the age and cut of the animal. Due to its leanness, horse meat is often considered a healthier alternative to other meats, as it is lower in fat and cholesterol. It is also a good source of protein, iron, and various vitamins and minerals.

The consumption of horse meat has sparked debates and controversies in different parts of the world. In some cultures, it is widely accepted and readily available in markets and restaurants. However, in other regions, there are cultural, ethical, or religious reasons that discourage or prohibit its consumption. These varying perspectives have led to differing regulations and legal frameworks governing the sale, import, and export of horse meat in different countries.

Despite the controversies, the demand for horse meat continues to exist in certain markets and regions. It is used in a variety of culinary preparations, such as sausages, stews, and cured meats. In some cases, horse meat may also be processed into pet food. However, it is important to note that the consumption of horse meat is a cultural and personal choice, and it is essential to respect and understand the differing viewpoints and practices surrounding its consumption worldwide.

Horse meat Production in the World

China is the top country producing Horse meat in the world. As of 2022, China produced 159,069 tonnes of Horse meat, accounting for 21.20% of the total production. Kazakhstan is the world's second-largest Horse meat producer, with 156,864 tonnes, which represents 20.91% of the total production. Mongolia(82,633) is the 3rd country, Mexico(72,889) is the 4th country, and Russia(45,872) is the 5th country in the world producing Horse meat. Luxembourg has the lowest production of Horse meat in the world with only 1 tonnes in 2022. The world's total production of horse meat was estimated at 750,294 tonnes in 2022.

Source: FAOSTAT

Top 10 Countries by Horse meat Production in 2022

Top Countries by Production of Horse meat in 2022

Rank	Country	Production(Tonnes)
1	China	159,069
2	Kazakhstan	156,864
3	Mongolia	82,633
4	Mexico	72,889
5	Russia	45,872
6	Kyrgyzstan	30,599
7	Australia	24,703
8	Brazil	22,418
9	Argentina	22,091
10	Canada	21,674
11	United States	18,939
12	Uruguay	11,991
13	Chile	9,755
14	Spain	9,601
15	Senegal	7,142
16	Ukraine	6,700
17	Uzbekistan	5,529
18	Colombia	5,292
19	Haiti	4,944
20	Japan	4,874
21	Mali	3,010
22	United Kingdom	2,959
23	Guatemala	2,413
24	Paraguay	2,100
25	Morocco	1,967
26	Nicaragua	1,905
27	Vietnam	1,348
28	South Africa	1,346
29	Indonesia	1,338
30	Chad	1,118
31	Iceland	951
32	Niger	856
33	Turkiye	747
34	Philippines	592
35	Tunisia	553
36	Mauritania	543
37	Honduras	501
38	Sweden	350
39	Algeria	306
40	Belarus	300
41	Switzerland	290
42	Finland	212
43	Cuba	206
44	Malaysia	190
45	Georgia	179
46	Cameroon	166
47	Burkina Faso	83
48	Papua New Guinea	45
49	Moldova	44
50	Jamaica	40
51	Serbia	28
52	Norway	10
53	Vanuatu	8
54	Madagascar	5
55	Bosnia and Herzegovina	5
56	Luxembourg	1

Process of Making Horse meat

The process of making horse meat typically involves several steps, but it's important to note that the consumption and production of horse meat vary across different countries and cultures.

Here is a general outline of the process involved:

Slaughter: Horses intended for meat production are typically slaughtered at specialized facilities or abattoirs. The process may involve stunning the horse to render it unconscious before slaughtering it to minimize any potential suffering.
Dressing and Butchering: After slaughter, the horse is dressed, which involves removing the skin, head, hooves, and internal organs. The carcass is then divided into different cuts of meat for further processing and distribution.
Inspection and Quality Control: Most countries have regulations and standards in place to ensure the safety and quality of meat products, including horse meat. Inspections may be conducted to check for any abnormalities, diseases, or contamination.
Processing: The processed horse meat can be further divided into different cuts or ground for various culinary purposes. It may be packaged, frozen, or processed into other meat products like sausages or canned meat.
Distribution and Consumption: Horse meat is then distributed to markets, restaurants, or other outlets where it is sold for consumption. The way it is prepared and consumed varies across different cuisines and cultures.

It's worth noting that the production and consumption of horse meat can be a controversial topic, as cultural attitudes, ethical considerations, and legal regulations surrounding it vary significantly worldwide. The specific processes and regulations may differ based on local laws and cultural practices.

Health Benefits of Horse meat

Horse meat possesses a range of potential health benefits attributable to its nutritional profile. It is crucial to recognize that individual dietary requirements and preferences may differ, but the following are some possible health advantages linked to horse meat:

High-quality Protein: Horse meat is a rich source of high-quality protein, which is essential for the growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues in the body. Protein is also important for the production of enzymes, hormones, and antibodies. Consuming horse meat can contribute to meeting your protein needs and support overall health and well-being.
Essential Nutrients: Horse meat is a good source of essential nutrients such as iron, zinc, and B vitamins (including vitamin B12 and niacin). Iron is crucial for the production of red blood cells and the transportation of oxygen throughout the body. Zinc plays a role in immune function, wound healing, and cellular growth. B vitamins are involved in various metabolic processes and contribute to energy production.
Lower Fat Content: In comparison to beef or pork, horse meat generally exhibits a leaner profile with reduced fat content. This quality can be beneficial for individuals mindful of their fat consumption or seeking lean protein alternatives. The lower fat content in horse meat supports a balanced diet, potentially aiding weight management and reducing the likelihood of certain health conditions.
Lower Cholesterol: When compared to other meats, horse meat is generally acknowledged for its lower cholesterol content. A low-cholesterol diet can be advantageous for individuals with dietary limitations or those aiming to maintain healthy cholesterol levels. Nevertheless, it is crucial to recognize that the influence of dietary cholesterol on blood cholesterol levels can vary among individuals.

It is crucial to remember that these health benefits are based on the nutritional composition of horse meat and should be considered in the context of an overall balanced diet. As with any meat or dietary choice, it is advisable to consume horse meat in moderation and ensure it is sourced from reputable and regulated suppliers.

Regional Variety of Horse meat

The consumption and culinary applications of horse meat display regional diversity. Presented below are a few illustrations of regional variations and their respective uses:

France: France boasts a rich culinary heritage of horse meat, locally referred to as "viande chevaline." This meat is incorporated into diverse preparations, including steaks, sausages, and minced meat for dishes such as tartare and burgers. Additionally, the French have a distinct specialty known as "steak de cheval," featuring grilled horse meat served alongside customary accompaniments.
Italy: In certain regions of Italy, horse meat, known as "carne di cavallo," is used in traditional dishes. One popular example is "bresaola di cavallo," where thinly sliced horse meat is cured with salt and spices, similar to the preparation of beef bresaola. It is often enjoyed as part of antipasto platters or used in sandwiches.
Kazakhstan: Kazakhstan has a rich culinary tradition involving horse meat due to its nomadic heritage. One notable dish is "beshbarmak," where boiled horse meat is served with pasta or flatbread and accompanied by onions and potatoes. Horse meat sausages called "kazy" are also a specialty in the region, often served during festive occasions.
Japan: In Japan, horse meat, known as "basashi," is enjoyed both in its raw and cooked forms. Sliced raw horse meat, a sought-after delicacy called sashimi, is commonly served alongside soy sauce and condiments. Cooked preparations involve dishes like "sukiyaki," where thinly sliced horse meat is simmered with vegetables and a flavorful broth in a hot pot.
Mexico: In specific areas of Mexico, particularly in the state of Sonora, regional cuisine incorporates horse meat, referred to as "Carne de caballo." It is frequently utilized in dishes such as tacos, stews, and soups. Horse meat tacos, typically seasoned with spices and accompanied by various toppings, have gained popularity as a street food delicacy.

It is crucial to acknowledge that the uses and regional diversity of horse meat can extend beyond the mentioned examples. Culinary traditions are dynamic, and there may exist additional distinct preparations and cultural applications of horse meat in various regions across the globe.

Nutritional Information of Horse meat

Here is a general overview of the approximate nutritional values per 100 grams of cooked horse meat:

Calories: Approximately 175-200 calories
Protein: Around 20-25 grams
Fat: Varies depending on the cut, but it is generally lower in fat compared to meats like beef or pork. It can range from 2-10 grams of fat.
Cholesterol: Approximately 40-80 milligrams
Iron: Roughly 2-3 milligrams
Zinc: Approximately 3-4 milligrams
Vitamin B12: Around 2-3 micrograms
Niacin: Approximately 4-5 milligrams
Vitamin B6: Varies, but generally around 0.3-0.5 milligrams

Please note that these values are approximate and can vary based on factors such as cooking methods, cuts of meat, and individual variations.

Uses of Horse meat

The utilization of horse meat differs among various cultures and regions. Presented below are a few instances showcasing its diverse applications:

Culinary Consumption: In specific countries and regions, horse meat is embraced as a source of sustenance and incorporated into diverse culinary creations. It finds application in a range of preparations, such as steaks, sausages, stews, soups, tacos, and sashimi, as well as specialty dishes like tartare or sukiyaki.
Pet Food: Horse meat is occasionally utilized in the production of commercial pet food, specifically formulated for carnivorous pets like dogs, to serve as a protein source.
Traditional and Cultural Practices: In some cultures, horse meat has historical and traditional significance, often tied to specific cultural practices, festivities, or rituals.
By-Products and Industrial Use: Horse meat by-products, such as bones or gelatin derived from the hooves, may have industrial applications in certain industries, such as pharmaceuticals or cosmetics.

It is crucial to acknowledge that the consumption and utilization of horse meat can be a subject of controversy and sensitivity, as legal regulations and cultural perspectives differ across the globe. The acceptance and accessibility of horse meat exhibit significant variations from one country to another.